History

Khizr Khan (1414-21) Mubarak Shah (1421-34) Muhammad Shah (1434-43) Alam Shah (1443-51)–He was the last Sayyid king descended in favour of Bahlol Lodhi & he retired. Thus began the Lodhi dynasty.

He was a cousin of Mohammad-bin Tughlaq. He adopted the policy of appeasement with the nobility, the army & theologians The new system of taxation was according to Quran. Four kinds of taxes sanctioned by the Quran were imposed & those were Kharaj, Zakat, Jizya & Khams. Kharaj was the land tax, which was equal

Jalaluddin Ahsan Shah 1336: Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan (died 1340), also known as Jalal al-Din Ahsan Shah, was the first Sultan of the Madurai Sultanate and father-in-law of the great traveler Ibn Battuta. Vijayanagar Empire Founder: Harihar & Bukka; Warangal became independent under Kanhaiya. The five experiments Taxation in the Doab: The Sultan made an ill-advised

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq Ghazi Malik or Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq of the Qaurana tribe was the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty. He was the governor of Dipalpur before coming to power as Sultan He died in the collapse of the victory pavilion near Delhi Mohammad Bin Tughlaq (1325-51) Prince Jauna, son of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq ascended the throne in

Jallauddin Khilji Jalaluddin Khilji founded the Khilji dynasty. He was a liberal ruler & adopted the policy of religious toleration His son-in-law & nephew was Allauddin Khalji Allauddin Khalji (1296-1316) He was the first Turkish Sultan of Delhi who separated religion from politics. He proclaimed ‘Kingship knows no Kinship’. During the reign of Jallauddin Khalji,

A Turkish slave by origin, he was purchased by Mohammad Ghori who later made him his Governor. After the death of Ghori, Aibak became the master of Hindustan & founded the Slave Dynasty in 1206. The capital during his reign was not Delhi but Lahore. For his generosity, he was given the title of Lakh

Muhammad Ghori led his first expedition in AD 1175. He marched against Multan & freed it from its ruler. In the same campaign he captured Uchch from the Bhatti Rajputs. Three years later in AD 1178 he again marched to conquer Gujarat but the Chalukya ruler of Gujarat, Bhima II defeated him at the battle

In AD 1173 Shahabuddin Muhammad (AD 1173–1206) also called Muhammad of Ghori ascended the throne of Ghazni. The Ghoris were not strong enough to meet the growing power & strength of the Khwarizmi Empire; they realized that they could gain nothing in Central Asia.

He was also known as “But-Shikan” (destroyer of the image) because of seventeen plundering expeditions between 1000 AD & 1027 AD in India. Annexing Punjab as his eastern province, he claimed to have come here with twin objectives of spreading Islam in India, & enriching himself by taking away wealth from India. In 1025, he

The Chola dynasty was one of the most populardynasties of south India which ruled over Tamil Nadu & parts of Karnataka with Tanjore as its capital. Early Chola rulers were the Karikala Cholas who ruled inthe 2nd century. In 850, Vijayalaya captured Tanjore during the Pandya- Pallava wars. To commemorate his accession, he built a